Migraine is a serious neurological disease that is characterized by recurrent attacks of headache, often accompanied by severe discomfort and disruption of normal life activities. This symptomatic type of headache is different from common headaches and requires special attention and treatment. This article discusses the main symptoms of migraine and methods of its treatment.
Migraine symptoms:
1. Unilateral throbbing headache: One of the main symptoms of migraine is an intense headache that most often affects one side of the head and has a throbbing character.
2. Photophobia and Phonophobia: During a migraine attack, patients may experience a feeling of being overly sensitive to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia).
3. Nausea and Vomiting: Many migraine sufferers experience nausea and vomiting during an attack due to the intensity of the headache.
4. Aura: In some patients, migraine is preceded by what is known as an “aura” – these are temporary neurological symptoms such as flickering of flies before the eyes, altered visual perceptions, or numbness of certain parts of the body.
5. Duration and frequency: The duration of migraine attacks can vary from several hours to several days. The frequency of attacks can also be different – from several times a month to several times a year.
Migraine Treatment Methods:
1. Pharmacological treatment: There are several classes of drugs used to treat migraine. One of the most effective are triptans, which help constrict dilated vessels in the brain and reduce the intensity of headaches.
2. Preventive treatment: If migraine attacks are too frequent or too intense, your doctor may prescribe prophylactic treatment with certain medications to help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.
3. Trigger Avoidance: Many patients notice that they get migraines after certain events, foods, or stressful situations. Avoiding these triggers can help reduce the risk of seizures.
4. Relaxation and stress management: Relaxation, meditation, and yoga techniques can help reduce stress levels, which can be helpful in preventing migraines.
5. Consistent sleep and nutrition: Regular meals, enough sleep and a proper daily routine can help improve overall health and reduce the risk of migraine attacks.
It is important to remember that each case of migraine is individual, and treatment should be carried out under the guidance of a neurologist. If you suspect a migraine or experience frequent headaches, be sure to seek qualified medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and the most effective treatment.